Parkinson's Disease - Disorder of the central nervous system, seen usually in older persons, in which there is muscle weakness, trembling, and sweating

Paronychia - Inflammation around the nail

Paroxysm - Sudden worsening of an illness; or a spasm or seizure

Partial Thromboplastin - A test of blood clotting time used to measure substances Time (PTT) that help the blood to clot

Participate - Be part of, take part in

Parturition - Childbirth

Patch Test - Allergy test perfom1ed by putting an allergy-causing material on the skin to see if it causes a reaction

Patella - Kneecap

Patellectomy - Surgery to remove the kneecap

Patency - Condition of being open

Patent - Open

Pathogenic - Causing disease

Pathologist - Doctor who studies the changes in the body and its tissues caused by disease

Pathogenesis - Causative mechanism in a disease

Pathology - The study of the changes in the body and body tissue caused by disease

PDR - See Physician's Desk Reference (PDR)

Pediculosis - Infection with lice, which are tiny bugs

Pelvin - Bone Hip bone

Pelvic Cavity - Space where the urinary bladder, certain reproductive organs, part of the large intestine, and the rectum are found

Pelvic Inflammatory - Infection of any of the female reproductive organs inside the pelvic space, including the uterus, uterine tubes, and ovaries

Pelvimetry - X-ray of the pelvis of the mother to make sure her pelvis is large enough for the baby to come through during birth

Pelvis of the Kidney - Place where urine leaves the kidney

Penicillin - Type of antibiotic

Penile Implant - Artificial device put into the penis to help a man get an erection

Penis - Outer male sex organ

Peptic Ulcer - Sore in the stomach or in the line of the stomach

Per Os (PO) - By mouth

Percussion - Tapping of a body surface with the fingers to check the organs under the skin by the sound that is made

Percutaneous - Through the skin

Percutaneous - Procedure in which a small balloon is blown up inside the Transluminal blood vessel to open up a blood vessel Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA)

Pericardiotomy - Surgery to make an opening into the pericardium

Pericarditis - Inflammation of the pericardium

Pericardium - Two-layer sack of tissue around the heart

Perimetritis - Inflammation of the perimetrium

Perimetrium - Outer layer of tissue around the uterus

Perineorrhaphy - Stitching a tear in the perineum

Perineum - Area between the vulva and rectum in women and between the scrotum and rectum in men

Periosteum - Layer of tissue that covers bone

Peripheral Vascular - Having to do with blood vessels outside the heart

Peritoneal - Having to do with the peritoneum

Peritoneal Dialysis - Method used to remove waste material from the body by inserting and removing fluid from the abdominal cavity

Peritoneum - Tissue layer that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities and covers the organs inside them

Permit - Allow, agree, let

Pertussis - Whooping cough

Petechia - Tiny red or purple spot on the skin or other tissue caused by bleeding

Phacoemulsification - Method of removing a cataract by using sound waves to break it up

Phalanges - Finger and toe bones

Phalanx - Finger or toe bone

Pharmacist - Person licensed to prepare and dispense drugs and fill prescriptions

Pharmacodynamics - The study of how drugs act on the body

Pharmacokinetics - The study of the way a drug enters and leaves the blood and tissues over time

Pharyngitis - Sore throat

Pharynx - Area between the mouth and esophagus that performs the swallowing action; throat

Phase - I Initial study of a new drug in humans to determine limits of tolerance

Phase II - Second phase of study of a new drug intended to obtain initial information

Phase III - Large scale trials to confirm and expand information on safety and usefulness of a new drug

Phenothiazines - Group of drugs used for the control of mental illness

Phenylketonuria - Dangerous build-up of toxic materials in the body resulting from a genetic defect that affects metabolism

Phlebectomy - Surgery to remove part or all of a vein

Phlebography - X-ray of a vein or veins using a dye to outline them

Phlebotomy - Nicking or putting a needle into a vein to remove blood

Phlebitis - Irritation or inflammation of the vein

Phonocardiogram - Detailed record of heart sounds

Photophobia - Irritation of the eye caused by light

Photoretinitis - Inflammation of the back of the eye caused by strong light

Phrenic - Having to do with the mind; or having to do with the diaphragm

Phrenopathy - Mental Disorder

Physician's Desk - Book of information about drugs on the market

Pia - Mater Inner layer of the meninges

PID - See pelvic inflammatory disease (Pill)

Pinna - Outer flap of the ear

Pituitary Gland - Gland that sits under the brain and makes many hormones, including some that control other glands

PKU - See phenylketonuria (pKU)

Placebo - A pretend treatment (with no drug in it) that is compared in a clinical trial with a drug to test if the drug has a real effect - like a sugar pill

Placebo Effect - Phenomenon of improvement see with the administration of a placebo

Placenta - Tissues that provide food for the unborn baby

Plantar - Having to do with the sole of the foot

Plasma - Liquid part of blood where cells float

Plasmapheresis - Removing plasma from blood that has been drawn from a person

Platelet - Count The number of platelets in the blood

Platelets - Small structures in blood that help it to clot

Pleura - Thin tissue that covers the lungs and inner walls of the chest

Pleural Effusion - Fluid in the chest cavity

Pleurisy - Inflammation of the pleura with discharge in the chest cavity, making breathing painful

Pleuropexy - Surgery to fix the film that covers the lungs

Pneumatocele - Bulging of the lungs through an abnormal opening

Pneumobronchotomy - Incision into the lungs

Pneumoconiosis - Dust in the lungs

Pneumocystis Carinii - Type of parasite or fungus that causes pneumonia in infants and weakened patients, such as those with AIDS

Pneumonectomy - Surgery to remove a lung

Peneumonia - Inflammation of the lungs in which the lungs become heavy

Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs

Pneumothorax - Free air in the chest cavity

Podiatrist - Foot doctor

Poliomyelitis - Infection with a virus in which there can be fever, headache, and stiff neck followed by paralysis and wasting away of muscles

Polyarteritis - Inflammation of many arteries

Polycystic Kidney - Kidney with many cysts in it

Polydipsia - Too much thirst

Polymyositis - Inflammation of more than one muscle

Polyneuritis - Inflammation of several nerves

Polyp - Type of growth that sticks up out of tissue

Polypectomy - Surgery to remove a polyp

Polyuria - Too much urine being made

Pons - Part of the brain through which the two sides and different areas of the brain communicate

Porphyria - Disturbance of metabolism that can be seen as disorders of the skin or other organs

Posterior - Having to do with the back of the body

Posterior Lobe - Part of the pituitary gland that discharges oxytocin, of the Pituitary vasopressin, and some proteins

Postictal - Happening after a seizure

Postpartum - After childbirth

Potentiate - Increase or multiply the effect of a drug or toxin by administration of another drug or toxin at the same time

Potentiation - Increase in drug action from using two drugs together instead of using each drug alone

Potentiator - An agent that helps another agent work better

PPD - See purified protein derivative (PPD)

Prophylaxis - A drug given to prevent disease or infection

Precautions - Safety measures, take care

Preeclampsia - Serious problem of pregnancy in which there is high blood pressure and excess fluid in the tissues of the mother

Pregnancy - Carrying an unborn baby

Preictal - Happening before a seizure

Prejudice (future care) - Alter, have a negative effect on (future care)

Premature - Early, before it should

Premature - Infant Infant born before it has fully developed; weight less than 5.5 lbs

Prepuce - Fold of skin (foreskin) that covers the penis and is removed in circumcision

Presbycusis - Loss of hearing because of old age

Presbyopia - Problems with vision because of old age

Primigravida - Woman going through her first pregnancy

Primipara - Woman who has had one pregnancy that lasted at least 20 weeks

PRN - As needed

Procedure - What will be done

Produce - Make

Protocol - Plan of study

Proctologist - Doctor who treats disorders of the rectum and anus

Proctology - The study of the disorders of the rectum and anus

Proctoptosis - Fallen anus protruding from the body

Proctoscope - Tool used to look into the rectum

Progestins - Type of female hormones that prepare the uterus for pregnancy

Prognosis - Forecast of the probable outcome of a disease

Prolapsed Uterus - Fallen uterus protruding from the body

Prone - Lying face down

Prostate Gland - Gland that makes fluid that aids the movement of sperm

Prostate-Specific - Substance in blood that is measured to check for prostatic Antigen (PSA) cancer

Prostatectomy - Surgery to remove all or part of the prostate gland

Prostatic Cancer - Cancer of the prostate gland

Prostatitis - Inflammation of the prostate gland

Prostatocystitis - Inflammation of the neck of the bladder and the bladder

Prostatolith - Stone in the prostate gland

Prostatorrhea - Discharge of liquid from the prostate

Prospthesis - Artificial body part

Prothrombin Time (PT) - A test of blood clotting time used to measure substances

Proximal - Nearest

Pruritus - Itchiness

PSA - See prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Pseudocyesis - False pregnancy

Psoriasis - Scaly skin rash

Psychiatry - The study of mental disorders

Psychogenic - Caused by the mind (rather than the body)

Psychologist - Doctor who treats disorders of the mind, thoughts, and behavior

Psychology - The study of mental action and behavior

Psychopathy - Any disorder of the mind

Psychosis - Severe mental disorder; craziness

Psychosomatic - Having a connection between the mind and physical symptoms

PT - See prothrombin time (PT)

PTCA - See percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)

Pterygium - Unusual fold of film on the eye

PTT - See partial thrombolastin time (PTT)

Puberty - Years when the sex organs mature

Pubis - Front lower part of the hip bone between the thighs

Purerpera - A woman who has just given birth to an infant

Puerperal - Right after childbirth

Purerperium - The first 3 to 6 weeks after childbirth

Pulmonary - Having to do with the lungs

Pulmonary Edema - Fluid in the lungs

Pulmonary Embolism - Blood clot in the lungs

Pulmonary Neoplasm - Lung Tumor

Pupil - Black spot in the middle of the eye, which is the opening in the center of the iris

Pupillary - Having to do with the pupil

Pupillometer - Tool that measures how wide the pupil is

Purgative - Drug used to cause the bowels to empty

Purified Protein - Substance used in tuberculosis skin test Derivative (PPD)

Purpose - Why it is being done

Purpura - Small purple-red marks in skin or other tissue caused by bleeding

Pustule - Pimple filled with pus

Pyelitis - Inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney

Pyelogram - X-ray of the kidney and ureters

Pyelolithotomy - Surgery to remove a kidney stone

Pyelonephritis - Inflammation of the kidney and its pelvis

Pyeloplasty - Surgery to fix the pelvis of the kidney

Pyelostomy - Surgery to make an opening into the pelvis of the kidney

Pyloric Sphincter - Ring of muscles between the stomach and the small intestine

Pyloromyotomy - Surgery to cut muscles of a pyloric sphincter that is too narrow

Pyloroplasty - Surgery to fix the pyloric sphincter

Pylorus - The opening of the stomach into the small intestine

Pyosalpinx - Pus in the uterine tubes

Pyuria - Pus in the urine

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