The Biological Weapons convention is the first treaty designed to abolish an entire class of weapons. It was opened for signatures in 1972 and entered into force in 1975 with 33 signatories. In 2001, the number of States Parties reached 144. The first Article of the Convention reads:

Each State Party to this Convention undertakes never in any circumstances to develop, produce, stockpile or otherwise acquire or retain:

(1) Microbial or other biological agents, or toxins whatever their origin or method of production, of types and in quantities that have no justification for prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purposes;

(2) Weapons, equipment or means of delivery designed to use such agents or toxins for hostile purposes or in armed conflict.

There are currently 144 States Parties to the Convention. Thirty-three countries have neither signed nor ratified the Treaty. Furthermore, the BWC has no mechanism for detecting violoations of the terms of the treaty. The Center for BioDefense urges scientists and physicians to engage actively in the national debate over the status of this important arms control treaty. For information, contact Nancy Connell or these important websites.